Hybrid Threats
General Philippe Lavigne and Kari Odermann discuss NATO’s role amidst shifting technological and geopolitical norms.
Hybrid threats blur the line between war and peace. Rivals sabotage undersea cables and stage airspace incursions. They launch cyberattacks, meddle in elections, and spread disinformation. They also run espionage networks and carry out assassinations on Western soil. These moves pressure open societies but stay below the line of open war. This hub tracks the gray-zone warfare aimed at Europe and North America. Airspace incursions into NATO skies are a growing worry. Baltic Sea security has become a front line for undersea cables and pipelines. Critical infrastructure attacks target power, water, and transport. Espionage, sabotage, and assassinations extend the same playbook. Russian hybrid warfare fuses cyber, information, and economic tools. This hub follows Russian hybrid warfare and how the Kremlin probes Western nerve. Critical infrastructure attacks test how fast states can respond. Baltic Sea security and airspace incursions sit at the center of the alliance’s risks. Fellows and analysts show how governments can spot and deter gray-zone warfare, from espionage and sabotage to assassinations. Explore analysis and commentary on hybrid threats, from Baltic Sea security to the defense of daily life.
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December 5, 2025
Understanding Russia’s Shadow Warfare Press Briefing
CEPA experts discuss Russia's shadow warfare across Europe, including sabotage, infrastructure attacks, and sub-threshold kinetic activities.
December 2, 2025
The Hybrid Threat Imperative: Deterring Russia Before it is Too Late
While Russia's hybrid tactics are not new, their scale and sophistication in the digital age present unprecedented challenges.
December 2, 2025
A Rebirth in Flame: Ukraine’s Beleaguered Energy System
Russia’s relentless assault on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure and a crisis of governance promise a cold winter. But there is hope ahead.
November 24, 2025
Putin to End Hostilities? Think Again
Ukraine may be Russia’s primary military target but the regime has a much broader range of enemies.
November 21, 2025
Britain Hits Snooze as Russia’s Threat Intensifies
There is now clear evidence that despite an acknowledged threat, the UK is extending its holiday from history.
November 20, 2025
A Necessary Air of Venom: Hardening NATO’s Airspace
Russia’s recent air incursions into NATO airspace are part of a disruptive strategy.
November 20, 2025
Russia’s Shadow War Won’t Stay Hidden Forever
Poland’s Prime Minister has accused Russia of an “unprecedented act of sabotage” against its rail system, the latest in a wave of attacks attributed to the Kremlin’s shadow war.
November 19, 2025
Awake But Groggy: Europe’s Shadow Warfare Guardians
The EU is doing well in some areas but as attacks rise, much more continent-wide cooperation is needed.
November 19, 2025
War Without End: Understanding Russia’s Shadow Warfare
To secure its grip on power, Russia adopts Soviet practices coupled with modern tactics of covert influence, violence, and manipulation.